Piezoelectric aluminum nitride nanoelectromechanical actuators
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cantilevers
III-V semiconductors
leakage currents
nanoelectromechanical devices
nanostructured materials
permittivity
piezoelectric actuators
piezoelectric materials
piezoelectric thin films
piezoelectricity
semiconductor thin films
stress effects
wide band gap semiconductors
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Abstract
This letter reports the implementation of ultrathin (100 nm) aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric layers for the fabrication of vertically deflecting nanoactuators. The films exhibit an average piezoelectric coefficient (d31~−1.9 pC/N), which is comparable to its microscale counterpart. This allows vertical deflections as large as 40 nm from 18 µm long and 350 nm thick multilayer cantilever bimorph beams with 2 V actuation. Furthermore, in-plane stress and stress gradients have been simultaneously controlled. The films exhibit leakage currents lower than 2 nA/cm2 at 1 V, and have an average relative dielectric constant of approximately 9.2 (as in thicker films). These material characteristics and actuation results make the AlN nanofilms ideal candidates for the realization of nanoelectromechanical switches for low power logic applications.