This paper offers an assessment of the Uruguayan social security reform plan enacted in 1995. We analyze several positive developments, identify remaining questions about the emerging outlines of the Uruguayan plan, and compare this reform to others underway in Latin America. Recommendations center on methods of bringing the Uruguayan system closer to long-run solvency, means of increasing the efficacy of the public and private pension systems, and techniques of strengthening private sector opportunities to take over more money management and insurance functions.