The Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index Version 6.2 (SCHFI v.6.2) is widely used, but its psychometric profile is still questioned. In a sample of 659 heart failure patients from Italy, we performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the original construct of the SCHFI v.6.2 scales (Self‐Care Maintenance, Self‐Care Management, and Self‐Care Confidence), with limited success. We then used exploratory factor analysis to determine the presence of separate scale dimensions, followed by CFA in a separate sub‐sample. Construct validity of individual scales showed excellent fit indices: CFI = .92, RMSEA = .05 for the Self‐Care Maintenance Scale; CFI = .95, RMSEA = .07 for the Self‐Care Management Scale; CFI = .99, RMSEA = .02 for the Self‐Care Confidence scale. Contrasting groups validity, internal consistency, and test‐retest reliability were supported as well. This evidence provides a new understanding of the structure of the SCHFI v.6.2 and supports its use in clinical practice and research.