Population Differentiation of Southern Indian Male Lineages Correlates With Agricultural Expansions Predating the Caste System

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Department of Anthropology Papers
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demography
haplogrous
haplotypes
India
Paleogenetics
phylogenetic analysis
population genetics
Y Chromosomes
Anthropology
Genetics
Genetics and Genomics
Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Genographic Consortium
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Previous studies that pooled Indian populations from a wide variety of geographical locations, have obtained contradictory conclusions about the processes of the establishment of the Varna caste system and its genetic impact on the origins and demographic histories of Indian populations. To further investigate these questions we took advantage that both Y chromosome and caste designation are paternally inherited, and genotyped 1,680 Y chromosomes representing 12 tribal and 19 non-tribal (caste) endogamous populations from the predominantly Dravidian-speaking Tamil Nadu state in the southernmost part of India. Tribes and castes were both characterized by an overwhelming proportion of putatively Indian autochthonous Y-chromosomal haplogroups (H-M69, F-M89, R1a1-M17, L1-M27, R2-M124, and C5-M356; 81% combined) with a shared genetic heritage dating back to the late Pleistocene (10-30 Kya), suggesting that more recent Holocene migrations from western Eurasia contributed

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2012-11-28
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PLoS One
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The full list of Genographic Consortium members can be found in the Acknowledgements. Correction: Some of the values in Table 2 were included in the wrong columns. Please see the correct version of Table 2 at the following link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/annotation/8663819b-5ff0-4133-b70a-2d686dfb0a44
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