The COVID-19 pandemic crisis had profound economic impacts. Millions of individuals found themselves unemployed or forced out of the labor force, with women being disproportionately affected compared to men. Although there is growing awareness of the gendered impact of the pandemic on labor market outcomes in developed nations, developing regions have often been overlooked. This dissertation explores the gendered impact of the pandemic on labor markets in Argentina, a country with high levels of informal employment, significant regional socioeconomic disparities, and a high share of public employment. It employs data from household surveys and in-depth interviews to analyze the effect of the pandemic on three different dimensions. First, it assesses the overall evolution of employment status positions in Argentina, paying special attention to gender disparities. Second, it investigates the responses of the private and public sectors to the economic crisis across regions. Finally, the dissertation analyzes the effects of the pandemic on domestic workers –a sector with high levels of informality and one of the main sources of female employment in the country.The dissertation highlights three key findings. First, it emphasizes how economic crises can exacerbate existing gender and socioeconomic inequalities. Women, particularly those with lower education levels, faced heightened risks of job loss during the pandemic and encountered significant challenges when attempting to re-enter the workforce as the Argentine economy recovered. Second, the study underscores the pivotal role of institutions in shaping women’s experiences during economic crises. It reveals that individuals working in informal sectors, where labor rights are often lacking, experienced more severe economic and job losses. This disparity was particularly evident in the domestic work sector, which predominantly employs less educated women. Finally, the dissertation sheds light on the significance of the public sector as a major employer for women. The findings suggest that the public sector not only facilitates women’s participation in the labor force but also serves as a buffer to mitigate the impact of economic crises, particularly in poorer regions.