Cuttlefish, with their extraordinary physiology and uncanny camouflage abilities, are captivating and alien creatures. Their allure has long captured the human imagination, and the history of their use as subjects of scholarly examination can be traced at least as far back as Aristotle (Nakajima et al. 2018). This fascination continues to this day and fuels contemporary experimental research, where the use of cuttlefish as laboratory animals is on the rise (Vidal et al. 2014; O’Brien et al. 2018). While research scientists continue to unravel the mysteries of these enigmatic animals, present understanding of cuttlefish welfare remains relatively limited. This paper aims to provide a broad overview of cuttlefish biology and behaviour, and to draw connections between this knowledge base and current welfare practices, as well as potential applications for advancements in captive cuttlefish welfare. Welfare considerations that will be explored include those associated with housing conditions, dietary needs, sensitivity to environmental stimuli, enrichment strategies, and pain management. I will also point to some of the areas where uncertainties persist, in the hope of inspiring curiosity and encouraging further welfare-focused exploration in the general reader.