Discovering Abstract Structures in Infancy

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Degree type
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Graduate group
Psychology
Discipline
Psychology
Psychiatry and Psychology
Linguistics
Subject
Corpus analysis
Distributional analysis
Infants
Language acquisition
Phonology
Word learning
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2023
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Author
Buerkin-Salgado, Angelica
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Abstract

How do infants learn about the formal properties of language using only cues they can access in speech? And what intuitions do they bring to the learning problem? Chapter 2: To explore whether current notions of statistically-based language learning could successfully scale to infants’ linguistic experiences “in the wild”, we implemented a statistical-clustering word-segmentation model (Saffran et al., 1996) and sent its outputs to an implementation of a “frame” based form-class tagger (Mintz, 2003) and, separately, to a simple word-order heuristic parser (Gervain et al., 2008). We tested this pipeline model on various input types, ranging from quite idealized (orthographic words) to more naturalistic resyllabified corpora. Chapter 3: When infants hear sentences containing unfamiliar words, are some language-world links (such as noun--object) more readily formed than others (verb--predicate)? What if the context renders verb-predicate and noun-object interpretations equally plausible? We examined 14-15-month-olds’ capacity for linking semantic elements of scenes with simple bisyllabic nonce utterances using 2AFC language-guided looking. Chapter 4: One important function of phonology is to set rules about what phonetic strings count as the same words: a 'muffin' is not the same as a 'puffin'. Do infants share this intuition? We present a new experimental method to test infants' spontaneous intuitions about phonological contrast.

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Swingley, Daniel
Date of degree
2023
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