Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Behavior and Physiology in a Mouse Model
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ECT
Electroconvulsive therapy
Autoshaping
CSD
Cortical spreading depolarization
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Abstract
Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is an intrinsic reset after seizure or brain injury. CSD is characterized by a large, slow-moving wave of neuronal depolarization across the cerebral cortex. We analyzed post-seizure CSD in a mouse model using a behavioral autoshaping assay and pulse parameter experiments. Research has previously shown that CSD follows seizure in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in humans, and its dynamics are affected by ECT pulse parameters such as frequency and current (Rosenthal et al.). In this study, we aim to investigate the parameter space of different variables in the ECT stimulus, how parameters can be minimized and still result in post-ictal CSD, and if ECT and stressors (cranial windowing) affect mice’s ability to perform a behavior assay. This method was applied in two cohorts of windowed n=12 Thy1-jRGeCo mice for ECT imaging and n=7 wild-type mice for autoshaping behavioral experiments. Our results reflect that CSD can be triggered at minimal current and pulse count by modulating frequency and pulse width, varied parameter combinations affect the characteristics of seizure and CSD, and cranial windowing may contribute to stress in wild-type mice. The future direction of this study will explore more variables in the parameter space and investigate parameters that elicit CSD in humans vs. mice.