Motion Planning in Urban Environments: Part I
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navigation
path planning
road vehicles
robot dynamics
vehicle dynamics
autonomous vehicle navigation
complex intervehicle interaction
constrained maneuvers
dynamically feasible action
high-speed operation
large unstructured lots
model predictive trajectory generation
motion planning
on-road planning component
trajectory generator
ultrareliability
urban environment
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Abstract
We present the motion planning framework for an autonomous vehicle navigating through urban environments. Such environments present a number of motion planning challenges, including ultra-reliability, high-speed operation, complex inter-vehicle interaction, parking in large unstructured lots, and constrained maneuvers. Our approach combines a model-predictive trajectory generation algorithm for computing dynamically-feasible actions with two higher-level planners for generating long range plans in both on-road and unstructured areas of the environment. In this Part I of a two-part paper, we describe the underlying trajectory generator and the on-road planning component of this system. We provide examples and results from ldquoBossrdquo, an autonomous SUV that has driven itself over 3000 kilometers and competed in, and won, the Urban Challenge.