Chondroprotective Efficacy of EVs Produced by IFN-𝛾 Primed Equine BM-MSCs in an in vitro OA Model
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Extracellular vesicles
IFN-𝛾 priming
BM-MSCs
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of lameness in horses and currently lacks an effective treatment. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been targeted as a biotherapeutic due to their immunomodulatory properties, which can be further enhanced through priming with interferon gamma (IFN-𝛾). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by BM-MSCs are vital paracrine effectors carrying biocargo such as proteins, lipids, and RNA. Therefore, EVs derived from primed BM-MSCs have potential as a cell-free biotherapeutic for OA. We hypothesized that EVs derived from BM-MSCs primed with IFN-𝛾 would exhibit stronger chondroprotective properties and facilitate greater relative cell migration following an induced wound (scratch assay). IFN-𝛾 primed and unprimed EVs from four horses were isolated by ultracentrifugation following hydrostatic filtration dialysis. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was then used to determine EV concentration and size. Chondrocytes from 4 healthy, young horses were stimulated with IL-1β to mimic an OA phenotype and treated with IFN-𝛾 primed EVs, unprimed EVs or left untreated (negative control). After 48 hours, supernatants and RNA were extracted for future immunoassays and qRT-PCR. Identical treatment groups were used to perform a scratch assay, with scratch width imaged and measured every 24 hours for 72 hours. While research is still ongoing, preliminary results from nanoparticle tracking analysis and an ANOVA indicate that the proportion of exosomes (p=0.0377) increases compared to microvesicles (p=0.0437) for BM-MSCs primed with IFN-𝛾. This supports our hypothesis as exosomes are the most biologically active EV subtype.