Blanco, Justin A

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  • Publication
    UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS IN NEOCORTICAL EPILEPSY AND CONTROL PATIENTS
    (2010-05-17) Blanco, Justin A
    Quality of life for the more than 15 million people with drug-resistant epilepsy is tied to how precisely the brain areas responsible for generating their seizures can be localized. High-frequency (100-500 Hz) field-potential oscillations (HFOs) are emerging as a candidate biomarker for epileptogenic networks, but quantitative HFO studies are hampered by selection bias arising out of the need to reduce large volumes of data in the absence of capable automated processing methods. In this thesis, I introduce and evaluate an algorithm for the automatic detection and classification of HFOs that can be deployed without human intervention across long, continuous data records from large numbers of patients. I then use the algorithm in analyzing unique macro- and microelectrode intracranial electroencephalographic recordings from human neocortical epilepsy patients and controls. A central finding is that one class of HFOs discovered by the algorithm (median bandpassed spectral centroid ~140 Hz) is more prevalent in the seizure onset zone than outside. The outcomes of this work add to our understanding of epileptogenic networks and are suitable for near-term translation into improved surgical and device-based treatments.
  • Publication
    Mining Terabytes of Submillimeter-resolution ECoG Datasets for Neurophysiologic Biomarkers
    (2010-09-01) Viventi, Jonathan; Blanco, Justin; Litt, Brian
    Recent research in brain-machine interfaces and devices to treat neurological disease indicate that important network activity exists at temporal and spatial scales beyond the resolution of existing implantable devices. We present innovations in both hardware and software that allow sampling and interpretation of data from brain networks from hundreds or thousands of sensors at submillimeter resolution. These innovations consist of novel flexible, active electrode arrays and unsupervised algorithms for detecting and classifying neurophysiologic biomarkers, specifically high frequency oscillations. We propose these innovations as the foundation for a new generation of closed loop diagnostic and therapeutic medical devices, and brain-machine interfaces.