Katsuragi, Hiroaki
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Publication Drag Force Scaling for Penetration Into Granular Media(2013-05-29) Katsuragi, Hiroaki; Durian, Douglas JImpact dynamics is measured for spherical and cylindrical projectiles of many different densities dropped onto a variety non-cohesive granular media. The results are analyzed in terms of the material-dependent scaling of the inertial and frictional drag contributions to the total stopping force. The inertial drag force scales similar to that in fluids, except that it depends on the internal friction coefficient. The frictional drag force scales as the square-root of the density of granular medium and projectile, and hence cannot be explained by the combination of granular hydrostatic pressure and Coulomb friction law. The combined results provide an explanation for the previously observed penetration depth scaling.Publication Projectile Interactions in Granular Impact Cratering(2008-08-08) Katsuragi, Hiroaki; Nelson, E. L.; Durian, Douglas J.; Mayor, PatrickWe present evidence for the interactions between a ball and the container boundaries, as well as between two balls, that are mediated by the granular medium during impact cratering. The presence of the bottom boundary affects the final penetration depth only for low drop heights with shallow filling, in which case, surprisingly, the penetration becomes deeper. By contrast the presence of the sidewall causes less penetration and also an effective repulsion. Repulsion is also found for two balls dropped side by side.Publication Avalanche Statistics and Time-Resolved Grain Dynamics for a Driven Heap(2007-12-05) Abate, Adam Ross; Katsuragi, Hiroaki; Durian, Douglas J.We probe the dynamics of intermittent avalanches caused by steady addition of grains to a quasi-twodimensional heap. To characterize the time-dependent average avalanche flow speed v(t), we image the top free surface. To characterize the grain fluctuation speed δv(t), we use speckle-visibility spectroscopy. During an avalanche, we find that the fluctuation speed is approximately one-tenth the average flow speed, δv ≈ 0.1v, and that these speeds are largest near the beginning of an event. We also find that the distribution of event durations is peaked, and that event sizes are correlated with the time interval since the end of the previous event. At high rates of grain addition, where successive avalanches merge into smooth continuous flow, the relationship between average and fluctuation speeds changes to δv∼ v1/2.