Vuchic, Vukan R
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Publication Transit Technology Today(1984-11-01) Vuchic, Vukan RThis keynote address was presented at the Symposium on Recent Developments in Urban Transit Technology in Taipei, Taiwan on November 27, 1984.Publication Transportation for Liveable Cities: Problems, Obstacles, and Successful Solutions(2010-01-01) Vuchic, Vukan RThis chapter focuses on urban transportation. It is written by the moderator of the session on Land Transportation. He asked the five speakers to report on positive achievements and challenges in their cities or countries. The chapter starts with the moderator's review of developments and trends in urban transportation and a summary of the five reports by participants presented in the session. It is followed by a brief review of the conditions in urban transportation and its impact on cities. Following a review of problems most cities face and mistakes in transportation planning many cities continue to make, this chapter places emphasis on progressive policies and successful solutions which feasibility has been demonstrated by a number of leading cities.Publication Propagation of Schedule Disturbances in Line-Haul Passenger Transportation(1969) Vuchic, Vukan RSchedule disturbances in public transport operations have a tendency to intensify along the line and propagate to successive vehicles due to the uneven accumulation of passengers. This phenomenon, affecting efficiency and reliability of service, occurs frequently with surface services due to street congestion, as well as with rapid transit when It approaches capacity volumes. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to this problem. Newell and Potts [1] (*), using a deterministic model, derived an expression for the behavior of delays both along the line and of subsequent vehicles at individual stations due to passenger accumulation. They gave a theoretical explanation of the phenomenon of pairing of buses, which later Potts and Tamlin tried to verify through observations of bus operations [2]. While they did observe the tendency for pairing of vehicles, their experiment indicated that numerous other factors in street operation (signals, traffic, etc.) make it difficult to distinguish individual causes of delays. Rapid transit is more convenient for these observations since passenger boarding is the dominant variable factor in operation. Tiercin [3] described a new method of schedule control tested by RATP in Paris for one of the principal « Metro » lines, and London Transport, in planning for « Victoria Line», used computer simulation of rapid transit operation at minimum intervals to derive operational measures to increase stability of service. This work was reported by Welding and Day (4) and in an unpublished Research Report [5]. Recently, Lehmann [6] and Sudmeyer [7] gave an Interesting theoretical analysis of propagation of delays along the line; their discussion was followed by a paper by this author [8] which is incorporated and somewhat expanded here. In this paper a theoretical analysis of the behavior of disturbances is extended to include the changes of disturbances with time (for subsequent vehicles at any given station). Practical implications are discussed and measures to minimize this phenomenon in public transport operations are suggested. A diagram for easy evaluation of stability of any service is also given here.Publication Transit Federation -- A Solution for Service Integration(1972) Homburger, Wolfgang S; Vuchic, Vukan RInadequate organization of public transport services in urban areas, particularly in the large ones, is one of the major reasons for the unsatisfactory level of service and economic problems of the operating companies. Despite the current trend toward mergers of transit operators into large public agencies, the services in most cities remain fragmented in various degrees; integration is often not in sight due to organizational problems which appear insurmountable. Losses to the users, the operators, and the city from this situation are often very significant. This article briefly analyzes the reasons for this situation, explores its consequences and their importance. A number of solutions for the problem are possible, but none of them is simple and easy to achieve. The federation of transit organizations introduced recently in Hamburg, Germ any, has proved to be so successful that it has received wide attention in international professional circles. This solution therefore deserves a careful study by transit operators as well as government officials of metropolitan areas in the United States and other countries.Publication Evaluating UMTA’s Work(1976) Vuchic, Vukan RThe period of economic expansion and affluence since World War II created a strong tendency to base planning on unquestioned extrapolation of past trends. This method is acceptable in areas where the developmental trends are in desirable directions. But when this is not the case, this method does not represent rational planning, since its effect is to continue and encourage undesirable developments. Urban transportation has suffered greatly from this type of planning; many of our national and metropolitan area transportation studies placed a heavy reliance on .continuation of growth in auto ownership, VMT's, decentralization, etc. They failed to set clear goals for public transportation and standards for its service.Publication Skip-Stop Operation: High Speed With Good Area Coverage(1976) Vuchic, Vukan RIncrease of transit speeds is one of the most effective ways of increasing the attractiveness of transit for urban travel. While surface transit in particular suffers from low speed, the desirability of higher speeds is not limited to it. Rapid transit has adequate speed for short to medium-distance trips in urban areas. However, for longer. trips, particularly when there is a competing freeway facility, the requirement for speed is rather high. Since many station spacings are adopted on the basis of area coverage, high operating speed of the trains often cannot be achieved. Thus, typical lines of urban rapid transit with average interstation spacings of approximately 800 metres have only limited length on which their speeds are satisfactory; for distances longer than, typically, 8-10 km, they often become too slow. This is becoming an increasing problem with· the spatial spread of cities. This article describes the main alternative solutions to this problem and then focuses on the skip-stop operation, presenting a methodology for its analysis and evaluation of its applicability. The article refers to rail services, but the basic aspects of the problem are common for any technology. For example, there are light rail and bus services for which skip-stop service could be considered utilizing the methodology developed here.Publication Light Rail and BRT: Competitive or Complementary?(2005-01-01) Vuchic, Vukan RSince the 1970s great progress has been made to develop transit systems which provide service considerably better than buses can offer in mixed traffic, but which require significantly lower investment than metro systems with exclusive ways. This “semirapid transit” category of modes, using mostly partially separated ways, has been introduced extensively in medium-sized cities, as well as supplementing metros in suburban areas of large cities.Publication A Critique of the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission 1985 Regional Transportation Plan(1969-10-30) Boyce, David E; Vuchic, Vukan RThe 1985 Regional Transportation Plan of the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (Plan Report No. 5) is one of the most detailed and informative reports published to date by a transportation planning agency. The Report reflects several advances in urban transportation planning procedures made by DVRPC. Nevertheless, the Report does contain a number of very serious deficiencies. In an attempt to make a constructive contribution to transportation planning in the Delaware Valley Region, the authors of this Critique analyze these deficiencies and propose general and specific improvements for the Transportation Plan.Publication Rapporto di Vukan Vuchic in Linea C: La Scelta Tecnologica: Un'expertise Internazionale(1996) Vuchic, Vukan RTra le opere previste per ii giubileo del 2000, Cotral ha progettato di costruire la terza linea di metropolitana di Roma, linea C. L'ipotesi avanzata e di realizzare tale linea utilizzando la tecnologia ferroviaria standard, aggiornata ai suoi ultimi sviluppi tecnologici. In seguiLo, altri soggetti hanno proposto di modificare questa impostazione, suggerendo principalmente quanto segue: impiego di un sistema a guida automatizzata (Automated Guided Transit, Agt, come Val, Kawasaki, Westinghouse sistemi Utdc) invece del sistema ferroviario standard. Tra questi sistemi e posto in particolare rilievo ii Val; realizzazione della linea, attraverso un contratto chiavi in mano, da parte di un singolo soggetto attuatore invece che da più soggetti, sotto ii control lo dell' Amministrazione Comunale; sostituzione o integrazione alla linea C con una linea Circolare. Per selezionare la soluzione più vantaggiosa per la città di Roma, Cotral ha chiesto ad alcuni esperti di trasporto r urbano, tra i quali l'autore di questo rapporto, di condur e un 'analisi comparata delle diverse opzioni c di formulare raccomandazioni circa la soluzione ottimale per la costruzione della linea C nel quadro delle opere per ii giubileo dell' anno 2000.Publication Theory and Practice of Metro Network Design(1991) Vuchic, Vukan R; Musso, AntonioMost transit networks are designed empirically. For bus networks this process 1s often satisfactory because bus routes and networks are very dependent on local conditions, and they can be easily modified, allowing easy corrections of problems which line design may cause in operations. However, with transit systems which have extensive infrastructure, most typically metro lines and networks, corrections are extremely difficult to make. Development of an optimal network and avoidance of design features which result in operational problems are therefore of great importance. Yet, the experiences from the design and operation of such large older metro systems as London, Moscow, New York, Pan's and Tokyo, or from numerous recently built medium-size metro systems, such as Hong Kong, San Francisco, Sao Paulo and Washington, remain largely unknown to the designers of new metro networks. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of transit lines and networks and its applications. The focus is on network geometry and operational characteristics. The basic design and operational elements, such as geometric forms of lines, headways, schedules, etc., are discussed in general terms, valid for any mode; however, the main focus is on metro systems because of the particular importance of these analyses for fixed, permanent systems.