Frankel, Sunne E

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2013 - 20202
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  • Publication
    Decreasing Continuous 1:1 Observation of Patients Experiencing Delirium by Improving Nursing Knowledge
    (2020-12-15) Frankel, Sunne E
    Abstract BACKGROUND: Nursing leadership identified that Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) and Registered Nurses (RNs) on the Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit lacked delirium knowledge. Patients were being placed on continuous 1:1 observation without proper delirium assessment which the CNO identified as an opportunity to improve resource utilization. METHODS: A quality improvement project was conducted on the ACE unit at Penn Presbyterian Medical Center (PPMC). The CNAs and RNs completed a delirium knowledge survey prior to and after viewing an evidence-based dynamic education module based on the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) protocols. Pre- and post-survey mean scores were compared. Continuous 1:1 observation utilization was analyzed two months prior to and two months post-implementation to determine if the education impacted continuous 1:1 observation utilization. RESULTS: 17 CNAs and 34 RNs completed the pre-survey. Mean pre-survey scores were: 11.76 (sd 1.92, range 7-15) for the CNAs and 13.5 (sd 2.11, range 9-17) for the RNs. Ten CNAs and 20 RNs completed the post-survey. The post-survey mean scores were: 13.5 (sd 2.68, range 9-16) for the CNAs and 14.7 (sd 1.76, range 11-18) for the RNs. Bi-weekly continuous 1:1 utilization decreased from 5.0 to 3.4 after implementation of the evidence-based dynamic education module. CONCLUSION: Evidence based education on delirium prevention, identification, and interventions using the HELP protocols can improve CNA and RN knowledge and help reduce the financial strain on the health system by decreasing continuous 1:1 observation utilization.
  • Publication
    A Complete Redesign of the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Learning Experience
    (2013-09-15) Starr, Larry M.; Ballard, Barbara A.; Bieter, Jennifer; Conroy, Neil R.; Frankel, Sunne; Hash, Sonya F.; Malone, Kathryn; Scott, Jeremy; Vivas, Antonio E.; Braslow, Allan; Benau, Danny A.; Field, John; McLeod, Lisa M.
    Survival following sudden cardiac arrest in the community can be framed as a complex systems problem for which systems thinking and design methodologies may be applied. Focusing on the subsystem of the learning experience of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of an automated external defibrillator (CPR/AED), we used a systems approach to understand the current state of learning and a design methodology to identify improvements. A systems diagnosis identified six elements within the learning experience - need for training, opportunity for training, training class characteristics, perceived competence, anticipated event characteristics, and perceived readiness to act – each of which had positive and negative meanings and outcomes. As the elements are interactive and complex, the expected central property of learning – likelihood to act - may not be realized because of significant conflicts and obstructions. Design methodology identified 250 elements for an ideal CPR/AED learning experience which could be arranged as a containing system with eight interactive categories. Based on a system thinking and design methodology approach we suggested ten changes to improve the current state of the CPR/AED learning experience.