Jeoung, Helen N
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Publication Preface(2016-12-01) Jeoung, HelenThe University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics (PWPL) is an occasional series published by the Penn Graduate Linguistics Society. The series has included volumes of previously unpublished work, or work in progress, by linguists with an ongoing affiliation with the Department, as well as volumes of papers from NWAV and the Penn Linguistics Conference. This volume contains selected papers from New Ways of Analyzing Variation 44 (NWAV 44), held October 22–25, 2015 at the University of Toronto. Thanks go to Luke Adamson, Spencer Caplan, Andrea Ceolin, Nattanun Chanchaochai, Sunghye Cho, Ava Creemers, Aletheia Cui, Sabriya Fisher, Amy Goodwin Davies, Duna Gylfadóttir, Ava Irani, Jordan Kodner, Wei Lai, Caitlin Richter, Milena Šereikaitė, Jia Tian, Lacey Arnold Wade, Robert Wilder and Hong Zhang for their help in editing this volume. Since Vol. 14.2, PWPL has been an internet-only publication. As of September 2014, the entire back catalog has been digitized and made available on ScholarlyCommons@Penn. Please continue citing PWPL papers or issues as you would a print journal article, though you may also provide the URL of the manuscript. An example is below: Abtathian, Maya R., Abigail C. Cohn and Thomas Pepinsky. 2016. Methods for Modeling Social Factors in Language Shift. U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics 22.2: Selected Papers from NWAV44, ed. H. Jeoung, 1-10. http://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol22/iss2/2/. Publication in the University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics (PWPL) does not preclude submission of papers elsewhere; copyright is retained by the author(s) of individual papers. The PWPL editors can be contacted at: U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics Department of Linguistics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104–6228 working-papers@ling.upenn.edu http://ling.upenn.edu/papers/pwpl.html Helen Jeoung, Issue Editor Recommended Citation Jeoung, Helen. 2016. “Preface.” University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics Vol. 22, Iss. 2, Art. 1. Available at: http://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol22/iss2/1/.Publication Optional Elements In Indonesian Morphosyntax(2018-01-01) Jeoung, Helen NThis dissertation investigates the syntax and morphology of several functional morphemes that display surface optionality in Indonesian. Three case studies consider how syntactic environments constrain optional realization. Chapter 2 investigates the declarative complementizers bahwa and kalau, which are disallowed in case of A-bar movement; I show that bahwa is also disallowed in wh-in situ questions that do not involve movement. These facts are developed into an analysis of wh phrases and the structure of wh questions in Indonesian. I also propose that the morpheme yang, as well as the null form of the complementizer, constitute a pattern of morphological wh-agreement on C. Chapter 3 discusses the verbal prefixes meN- and ber-, which have received varied analyses in the literature. I argue that meN- and ber- participate in wh-agreement resulting from A-bar movement, and argue against previous analyses that assume that A-movement results in a similar deletion. In addition, I differentiate between deterministic properties that are relevant in the syntax, and non-deterministic properties of meN- and ber- that are extra-syntactic. This distinction accounts for a number of puzzling properties that have been observed for these prefixes. Chapter 4 discusses possessor sub-extraction in Indonesian, with additional data from similar constructions in Javanese and Madurese. I pursue a novel analysis of the nominal suffix -nya, which is optional is possessive DPs: in possessor extraction, this suffix is a pronunciation of the head D. The analysis of wh-agreement is extended to the DP domain, where -nya marks A-bar movement on phase heads; the consequence is that DP is a phase for syntactic movement. One language-specific finding in this dissertation is that morphological wh-agreement applies across three domains: complementizers, verbs and possessive nominals. This has cross-linguistic implications for the phasehood of DP and wh-agreement patterns. More broadly, the dissertation contributes a syntactic approach to the analysis of variable morphemes, revealing how multiple factors constrain surface optionality.