Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
2-2009
Publication Source
Bone
Volume
44
Issue
2
Start Page
357
Last Page
363
DOI
10.1016/j.bone.2008.10.042
Abstract
Fracture healing in diabetic individuals and in animal models of diabetes is impaired. To investigate mechanisms by which diabetes may affect fracture healing we focused on the transition from cartilage to bone, a midpoint in the fracture healing process. Femoral fractures were induced in mice rendered diabetic by multiple low dose streptozotocin treatment and compared to matching normoglycemic mice. One group of diabetic animals was treated with slow release insulin to maintain normal serum glucose levels. The results indicate that there was relatively little difference in the initial formation of the fracture callus on day 10. However, on day 16 the diabetic group had significantly smaller callus, greater loss of cartilage and enhanced osteoclastogenesis that was normalized by treatment with insulin when assessed by histomorphometric analysis. Chondrocyte apoptosis was significantly higher in diabetic mice and this increase was blocked by insulin. These changes were accompanied by diabetes-increased mRNA levels of RANKL, TNF-α, and ADAMTS-4 and -5 measured by real-time PCR, which was reversed by insulin treatment. On days 16 and 22 bone formation within the callus of diabetic mice was significantly less than the normoglycemic and brought to normal levels by insulin treatment. These results suggest that a significant effect of diabetes on fracture healing is increased chondrocyte apoptosis and osteoclastogenesis that accelerates the loss of cartilage and reduces the anlage for endochondral bone formation during fracture repair. That insulin reverses these effects demonstrates that they are directly related to the diabetic condition.
Copyright/Permission Statement
NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Bone. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Bone, Vol 44, Issue 2, February 2009, DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2008.10.042
Keywords
Fracture, Femur, Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, Healing, Insulin, Cartilage, Apoptosis
Recommended Citation
Kayal, R. A., Alblowi, J., McKenzie, E., Krothapalli, N., Silkman, L., Gerstenfeld, L., Einhorn, T., & Graves, D. T. (2009). Diabetes Causes the Accelerated Loss of Cartilage During Fracture Repair Which Is Reversed by Insulin Treatment. Bone, 44 (2), 357-363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2008.10.042
Included in
Dentistry Commons, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons, Osteopathic Medicine and Osteopathy Commons
Date Posted: 31 March 2015
This document has been peer reviewed.
Comments
At the time of publication, author Dana Graves was affiliated with Boston University School of Dental Medicine. Currently, he is a faculty member at the Penn Dental School at the University of Pennsylvania.