Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
4-3-2014
Publication Source
BioMed Research International
Volume
2014
Start Page
Article ID 925350
DOI
10.1155/2014/925350
Abstract
Members of the class O of forkhead box transcription factors (FOXO) have important roles in metabolism, cellular proliferation, stress resistance, and apoptosis. The activity of FOXOs is tightly regulated by posttranslational modification, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitylation. Activation of cell survival pathways such as phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT/IKK or RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylates FOXOs at different sites which regulate FOXOs nuclear localization or degradation. FOXO transcription factors are upregulated in a number of cell types including hepatocytes, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, pericytes, and cardiac myocytes. They are involved in a number of pathologic and physiologic processes that include proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism, inflammation, cytokine expression, immunity, differentiation, and resistance to oxidative stress. These processes impact a number of clinical conditions such as carcinogenesis, diabetes, diabetic complications, cardiovascular disease, host response, and wound healing. In this paper, we focus on the potential role of FOXOs in different disease models and the regulation of FOXOs by various stimuli.
Copyright/Permission Statement
Copyright © 2014 Yu Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords
Animals, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans
Recommended Citation
Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., & Graves, D. T. (2014). FOXO Transcription Factors: Their Clinical Significance and Regulation. BioMed Research International, 2014 Article ID 925350-. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/925350
Date Posted: 02 April 2015
This document has been peer reviewed.