The University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics (PWPL) is an occasional series published by the Penn Linguistics Club. The series has included volumes of previously unpublished work, or work in progress, by linguists with an ongoing affiliation with the Department, as well as volumes of papers from NWAV and the Penn Linguistics Colloquium. This volume contains selected papers from NWAV 40, held from October 27-30, 2011 in Washington, D.C. at Georgetown University. Alphabetic thanks go to Chris Ahern, Akiva Bacovcin, Aaron Ecay, Sabriya Fisher, Aaron Freeman, Soohyun Kwon, Marielle Lerner, Kobey Shwayder, and Meredith Tamminga for help in editing. Since Vol. 14.2, PWPL has been an internet-only publication. Since Vol. 13.2, PWPL has been published both in print and online gratis via ScholarlyCommons@Penn. Due to the large number of hits these online papers have received, and the time and expense of managing a back catalog of PWPL volumes, the editorial committee decided in 2008 to cease print publication in favor of wider-scale free online dissemination. Please continue citing PWPL papers or issues as you would a print journal article, though you may also provide the URL of the manuscript. An example is below: Brown, LeAnn, and Sali A. Tagliamonte. 2012. A Really Interesting Story: The Influence of Narrative in Linguistic Change. U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics 18.2: Selected papers from NWAV 40, ed. H. Prichard, 1-10. http://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol18/iss2/2 Ultimately, the entire back catalog will be digitized and available on ScholarlyCommons@Penn. Publication in the University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics (PWPL) does not preclude submission of papers elsewhere; copyright is retained by the author(s) of individual papers. The PWPL editors can be contacted at: U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics 619 Williams Hall University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104–6305 working-papers@ling.upenn.edu http://ling.upenn.edu/papers/pwpl.html Hilary Prichard Issue Editor