Physical Insight Into the “Growing” Evanescent Fields of Double-Negative Metamaterial Lenses Using Their Circuit Equivalence

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Double-negative (DNG) metamaterials
left-handed (LH) metamaterials
subwavelength resolution.
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Pendry in his paper, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens” (Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, no. 18, pp. 3966–3969, 2000) put forward an idea for a lens made of a lossless metamaterial slab with n = -1, that may provide focusing with resolution beyond the conventional limit. In his analysis, the evanescent wave inside such a lossless double-negative (DNG) slab is “growing,” and thus it “compensates” the decaying exponential outside of it, providing the subwavelength lensing properties of this system. Here, we examine this debated issue of “growing exponential” from an equivalent circuit viewpoint by analyzing a set of distributed-circuit elements representing evanescent wave interaction with a lossless slab of DNG medium. Our analysis shows that, under certain conditions, the current in series elements and the voltage at the element nodes may attain the dominant increasing due to the suitable resonance of the lossless circuit, providing an alternative physical explanation for “growing exponential” in Pendry’s lens and similar subwavelength imaging systems.

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2006-01-01
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NOTE: At the time of publication, author Andrea Alù was affiliated with the University of Roma Tre. As of September 2006, she is a staff member in the Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. Copyright 2006 IEEE. Reprinted from IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2006, pages 268-272. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the University of Pennsylvania's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.
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