Proceedings of the 36th Annual Penn Linguistics Colloquium
Volume
Number
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Date Published
01/28/2013
Journal Volume
Description
Keywords
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 31
Publication The Derivational Nature of External Possession(2013-01-28) Sun, JisungPublication A Unified Approach to Korean Causal Connective -nikka(2013-01-28) Park, YugyeongThis paper explores the semantic-pragmatic functions of the Korean causal connective –nikka. It has been widely observed that because-clauses are ambiguous depending on the level of causation: propositional, epistemic, and speech-act level causations. (e.g. Sweetser 1990) Many researchers argue that Korean also has three level causations and the two Korean causal connectives, -nikka and –ese ‘because’, are used in different levels of causation: while the usage of –ese is restricted to a propositional level causation, -nikka can be used in epistemic or speech-act level causations, as well as propositional level causations. I argue, departing from previous analyses, that the three different levels of causation do not exist in Korean. Alternatively, I propose that a nikka-clause always targets a propositional argument. Under this point of view, it is assumed that a nikka-clause takes a mood marked phrase: [ϕ-nikka [Mood(φ)]. On the basis of this structure, I argue that the various function of the nikka-clause results from the different types of mood in the main clause.Publication On PP Left-branch Extraction in Japanese(2013-01-28) Takahashi, Masahiko; Funakoshi, KenshiThis paper provides an analysis of hitherto unnoticed data concerning left-branch extraction of PPs (PP LBE) in Japanese. While (leftward) LBE of nominals (NP LBE) is impossible in Japanese (see Kato 2007 and Nomura and Hirotsu 2005, among others), PP LBE is in fact allowed. The proposed analysis crucially relies on a specific definition of phases and Watanabe’s (2010) suggestion that the so-called genitive marker –no in fact has a dual status. It is also suggested that PP LBE is an instance of overt Wh-movement (cf. Takahashi 1993, 1994).Publication “Mixed Predicates” are, in fact, Atom Predicates(2013-01-28) Hosoi, HironobuIn this paper, I examine the traditional distinction among distributive predicates, mixed predi- cates, and collective predicates, focusing on mixed predicates and collective predicates. Under the traditional three-way distinction of predicates, a mixed predicate can be both a collective predicate and a distributive predicate because a plural noun in a mixed-predicate sentence is ambiguous be- tween a distributive reading and a collective reading. In this paper, adopting Winter’s (2002) analysis of set/atom predicates, I argue that mixed predicates are atomic predicates, whereas col- lective predicates are set predicates in Japanese. Support for my proposal comes from distributive and collective readings in the Japanese Floating Quantifier Construction (henceforth, JFQC). When a verb composes with a classifier to denote a set of sets in the JFQC, there is a sharp contrast between the mixed-predicate JFQC and the collective-predicate JFQC, which is problem- atic for Link 1983 and Landman 1989. When a verb composes with a classifier to denote a set of sets in the JFQC, a mixed predicate, which is an atom predicate, can have only a distributive read- ing, whereas a collective predicate, which is a set predicate, can have both a distributive reading and a collective reading. In my analysis, this difference can be reduced to the properties of an atom predicate and a set predicate, as proposed by Winter (2002).Publication Signaling and Simulations in Sociolinguistics(2013-01-28) Mühlenbernd, Roland; Quinley, JasonAlong with game theory, the emerging science of networks has given us a framework for analyzing social systems plausible to both intuition and implementation. As an interaction structure in computer simulation models, social networks provide a way to envision phenomena like information spread, dialect formation, and language change in a more robust way. In this sense a multitude of sociolinguistic issues are potential 'objects of study' for a) being delineated with methods from game theory and/or network theory and b) being analyzed by simulations of multi-agent interactions, with the goal of exploring the interplay between social factors and linguistic usage. In this sense we i) consider network structure as an important social variable; ii) depict the usage of computer simulations as an appropriate, valid, and powerful technique to analyze sociolinguistic issues; and iii) put a premium on game theory as a method for adequately modeling communicative behavior, with the conclusion that network theory & game theory in simulation models represents a powerful combination for the analysis of sociolinguistic phenomena. This makes it a crucial supplement towards enhancing current sociolinguistic experimentation and theories.Publication Case Drop from Fragment Answers in Korean(2013-01-28) Yoon, Junghyoe; Kitagawa, YoshihisaPublication Adjunction, Phases, and Complex Predicates in Japanese(2013-01-28) Takahashi, MasahikoI provide a unified account of a constraint on adjunction observed in three complex predicate constructions in Japanese: (i) restructuring motion verb constructions, (ii) light verb constructions, (iii) infinitives with wasure- ‘forget’. It is shown that adjunction (i.e. adverbial modification, adjectival modification, and quantifier raising) in the lower projections are impossible in these constructions. To account for the constraint on adjunction, I propose that (i) lexical verbs (Vs) are phase heads and (ii) adjunction within verbal and nominal domains is constrained by Case.Publication Mandarin Parasitic Gaps(2013-01-28) Liu, Chi-Ming LouisLin (2005) argues that parasitic gaps in Mandarin Chinese have to be licensed by syntactic wh-movement. However, given three syntactic pieces of evidence which involve weak crossover effects, replacement of pronouns, and multiple wh-phrases respectively, I propose that the sentence-initial wh-phrases in relevant sentences cannot be said to move from the object position of the matrix verb. Instead, they should be thought of as originating in the sentence-initial position, which amounts to saying that there is no syntactic wh-movement in this kind of sentences. Nevertheless, this analysis does not imply that there is no parasitic-gap sentence in Mandarin Chinese. With the help of the sentences containing a complex NP in which the object position is empty, we conclude that it is null operator movement that serves as the licensor for Mandarin parasitic gaps. By assuming so, we can maintain the idea that parasitic gaps have to be licensed by A’-movement without raising the problems mentioned in the paper.Publication V≥2 in Basque(2013-01-28) Haddican, Bill; Elordieta, ArantzazuThis paper analyzes quasi-verb second (V2) effects in Basque. We show that Basque instantiates a typological prediction of the most widely assumed theory of V2, namely that V2 is a conspiracy of an [uV] on a C-field head attracting the verb and an EPP feature on this same head attracting the closest satellite XP. General considerations suggest that these two features should vary independently across languages, and if so, we expect the possibility of a language with EPP movement to the left periphery but not verb movement. We argue that this combination of properties fits the V≥2 pattern of Basque root clauses, and develop an analysis of the left periphery of Basque root clauses that expresses these restrictions.Publication Re(de)fining Jespersen’s Cycle(2013-01-28) Chatzopoulou, KaterinaThis paper discusses the historical development of the Greek negator system, from Homeric Greek to Standard Modern Greek, in connection to the Jespersen’s Cycle phenomenon (Jespersen 1917, since Dahl 1979) and proposes a broader approach for Jespersen’s Cycle: an approach that is inclusive both to traditional Jespersen’s Cycle languages (Van der Auwera 2009), as well as atypical Jespersen’s Cycle languages. Greek is among the latter, along with languages that deviate in one way or another from what the current understanding of Jespersen’s Cycle predicts. The proposed approach views Jespersen’s Cycle as a phenomenon that targets intensified predicate negation and with time elevates it to propositional. This view agrees with current theories of grammaticalization and syntactic change (Roberts and Roussou 2003, Van Gelderen 2004), while the schematic representation of Jespersen’s Cycle is given as an instance of upward lexical micromovement (Chatzopoulou 2012).