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Now showing 1 - 10 of 14
  • Publication
    Summary: Universal Basic Income
    (2019-09-25) Marinescu, Ioana
    Concern over massive structural unemployment, due to technological automation and globalization, is on the rise. Universal Basic Income (UBI) has attracted attention from both sides of the aisle as one potential solution to a scenario where a large number of people are not able to earn a livable wage. In order to understand the economic implications of UBI, economists have studied previous and current examples of UBI-type programs, analyzing their impact on consumption, labor force participation, education, health, and other key metrics.
  • Publication
    Summary: Who's Responsible for Job Skills?
    (2019-09-24) Cappelli, Peter
    There has been much discussion in recent years about a skills gap in the U.S., driven largely by employer complaints over filling jobs. The term “skills gap” can mean different things. Usually, it refers to a belief that there is something fundamentally lacking in the labor force. In the typical telling of the skills gap story, schools are failing to educate students effectively and are graduating students who do not have the skills employers need, thus creating a basic skills shortfall in the labor force as a whole. Others who talk about a skills gap really are referring to a skills shortage, meaning that at the current market price for labor, employers cannot hire the people they are looking for. The third sense of a gap entails a skills mismatch, and describes parts of the U.S.—for instance, North Dakota, when energy production there skyrocketed—where labor demand is booming but where people in the region do not have matching job skills. A skills gap, skills shortage, and skills mismatch are all different and theoretically could be going on all at once.This seminar, presented by Peter Cappelli, examined various aspects of workforce development: why employer investments in worker training have declined, including the role that tax treatments have played; wage trends; and the value of higher education for the American worker.
  • Publication
    Summary: Service Exports and the US Trade Deficit
    (2019-09-20) Gomes, Joao F
    A trade deficit is defined by the amount by which a country’s imports exceeds the value of its exports. The US has consistently held a trade deficit since the 1970s; as of the end of 2016, the deficit had risen to $502 billion. This trade deficit has been a “political hot potato,” particularly with respect to China, on the assumption that a sustained deficit weakens the overall economy. But is that accurate? In this B-School for Public Policy Seminar Summary, Professor Gomes takes a closer look at the economics of boosting service exports as a means of rebalancing the US trade deficit and, in the process, sheds new light on policy discussions regarding the future of America's trade agreements.
  • Publication
    Summary: Advancing Evidence Based Social Policies through Intergovernmental Data Sharing Partnerships
    (2019-09-24) Culhane, Dennis P
    In response to the challenge of addressing complex social problems with limited resources, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and Congress have called for evidence-based initiatives to facilitate program evaluation and policy research. In 2016, Congress established the Commission on Evidence Based Policy Making to make recommendations on how to accomplish this. While Congress considers mechanisms to link data from federal agencies on a national level, there is much that the federal government can learn from the use of integrated data systems (IDS) at the state and local levels.
  • Publication
    Summary: Regulating Robo Advice Across the Financial Services Industry
    (2019-09-24) Baker, Tom
    In general, a robo advisor can be defined as an automated service that ranks, or matches, consumers to financial products on a personalized basis, sometimes in addition to providing related services such as educating consumers and selling products to them. Often associated with web-based financial investment services, a robo advisor can also include consumer financial product intermediaries such as automated mortgage brokers and insurance exchanges, as well as lead generation services such as Zillow, NerdWallet, and Mint.com. Although investment-focused robo advisors have received the most scrutiny from regulators, the same promises and regulatory concerns raised by investment robo advisors apply to their insurance and banking counterparts. The benefit of defining robo advisors as a general category of tools that span different financial services sectors is that an inclusive approach will encourage more cross-sharing and collaborative thinking to tackle similar challenges and opportunities, including regulatory questions.
  • Publication
    Summary: Achieving Regulatory Excellence
    (2019-09-24) Coglianese, Cary
    Regulatory excellence is governmental excellence. Three primary mechanisms exist for promoting regulatory success: Procedure, Management, and Technology. This seminar, based on research conducted at the Penn Program on Regulation, focused on analyzing the impacts of regulation on the economy and promoting the attributes of a high-quality regulatory system. An emphasis was placed on the role of legislators in overseeing and supporting the achievement of regulatory excellence, situated within the context of ongoing efforts for regulatory reform as well as new imperatives, such as the development of algorithmic technologies.
  • Publication
    Summary: Insuring High Risks Fairly, Protecting Individuals Against Flood Losses
    (2019-09-23) Kunreuther, Howard
    The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) encompasses issues of risk transparency and fairness. There is general agreement that floodplain residents need to know their risk-based insurance premium-and with that information, how to make their homes safer and thus make flood insurance more affordable. In this B-School Seminar, Professor Howard Kunreuther focused on the importance of accurate mapping of flood risk, how to encourage investment in cost effective mitigation measures, and ways to deal with fairness and affordability in designing a flood insurance program for the future.
  • Publication
    Summary: The Decline of U.S. Corporate Investment
    (2019-09-24) Gomes, Joao F
    U.S. corporations over the past decade have shied away from making large-scale capital investments. Given their reticence, does it make economic sense for the government to pursue major investments in infrastructure at this time?
  • Publication
    Summary: Designing Successful Carbon Markets
    (2019-09-26) van Benthem, Arthur
    There are a lot of developments happening right now in carbon markets in different parts of the world—from New Zealand to Canada and many points in between. As policymakers continue to explore cap-and-trade in the United States, there is much to learn about what does and doesn’t work from these carbon markets already in place.
  • Publication
    Summary: Effects of the US Worldwide Tax Regime on Domestic Investment
    (2019-09-20) Blouin, Jennifer L
    There are two basic systems for international corporate taxation. The US operates under a worldwide taxation system, in which the US government asserts its right to tax the global income of US resident corporations, whether that income is earned within the US or outside it. The US is the only G7 nation that maintains such a tax system. The majority of other nations in the world use a territorial taxation regime. A territorial regime embodies a source-based system where countries only tax business activity that happens within their borders. This summary of Professor Jennifer Blouin's B-School Seminar, focuses on differences in corporate tax regimes worldwide and the implications for corporate tax reform.