X-Ray Scattering Lecture Series

These videos provide an introduction to modern techniques of X-ray diffraction. Most segments should be accessible to anyone who has taken an introductory course in basic physics, although the segments on Fourier transforms require some familiarity with calculus. They were prepared by Paul Heiney following the syllabus of a 5-week mini-course he has occasionally delivered to students and others at the University of Pennsylvania.

 

 

Department of Physics

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  • Publication
    5.5 - Absolute Scattering
    (2016-08-10) Heiney, Paul A.
    When the incident and scattered X-ray intensities, and the volume of sample accessed, are well understood the scattered intensity can be used to obtain quantitative information such as the internal surface area of a porous system. Time 11:23.
  • Publication
    5.4 - Porod, Guinier, and Kratke Plots
    (2016-08-05) Heiney, Paul A.
    Different ways of representing SAXS data. Porod plots pull out high-Q features on a linear scale. Guinier plots can be used to extract the radiation of gyration. Kratke plots can help distinguish between extended and compact conformations of chains such as proteins. Time 6:44.
  • Publication
    5.3 - High-Q Limit and Power Laws for Small Angle Scattering
    (2016-08-05) Heiney, Paul A.
    Discuss the power law intensity behavior for small angle scattering from objects of different geometries, including spheres, rods, disks, Gaussian coils, and fractals. Potential pitfalls in analyzing power law intensity profiles. General results and complications. Time 8:23.
  • Publication
    5.2 - Small Angle Scattering from Nonspherical Particles
    (2016-08-03) Heiney, Paul A.
    Extends discussion in Video 5.1 by discussing small angle scattering from suspension of nonspherical particles, including ellipsoids, cylinders, and coated spheres (core-shell model). Time 7:06.
  • Publication
    5.1 - Small Angle Scattering from Spheres
    (2016-08-02) Heiney, Paul A.
    Introduction to small angle scattering (SAXS). Calculation of expected pattern from a suspension of spherical particles. Spherical coordinates. The Rayleigh function. Effects of interparticle correlation and size dispersity. Time 10:02.
  • Publication
    8.5 - Applications of X-ray Attenuation
    (2016-09-01) Heiney, Paul A.
    Effect of beam attenuation going through the sample in an X-ray scattering measurement. Transmission and sample thickness. Design of shielding. Effect of shorter wavelengths ("harmonic contamination.") Time 7:35.
  • Publication
    8.4 - Attenuation of X-rays in Matter
    (2016-08-29) Heiney, Paul A.
    Importance of attenuation in lab safety. Calculation of attenuation lengths. Time 6:21.
  • Publication
    8.3 - What to Watch Out for in the Lab
    (2016-08-29) Heiney, Paul A.
    General considerations for radiation safety in the lab. Shielding of X-ray diffraction units. Time: 6:18.
  • Publication
    8.2 - Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
    (2016-08-29) Heiney, Paul A.
    What happens inside a cell exposed to ionizing radiation, and more generally what are the biomedical effects of radiation. Time 3:32.
  • Publication
    8.1 - Introduction to Radiation Safety
    (2016-08-29) Heiney, Paul A.
    Units and quality factors for radioactive sources and doses. How serious are different dosages? Time 7:48.