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Publication Africa Virtual Think Tank Summit Report 2020(2020-01-01) McGann, James G; Wadsworth, Alisa; Harris, EmmaThe Africa Virtual Think Tank Summit was hosted by the Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program (TTCSP) on Friday, December 4, 2020. Think Tanks and scholars from all over the continent and beyond gathered to reflect on how the COVID-19 pandemic transformed the world and what implications were unique to Africa. Panelists characterized the pandemic as a black swan event and offered actionable plans to prepare for the effects of the pandemic. The event promoted an optimistic and pragmatic approach to the post-pandemic world and emphasized the need for a ‘Resilient, Responsive, and Inclusive Government.’ The Summit concluded with discussing the T20 and the need to make it ‘Fit for an Uncertain Future.’Publication Methods For Analyzing Components Of Change In Size And Structure Of The Labor Force With Application To Puerto Rico, 1950-60(1969-09-01) Durand, John D.; Holden, Karen C.The increase or decrease of a country's labor force during a given period of time can be factored into the following components: A. Loss by death of labor force members. B. Net gain or loss by immigration and emigration of labor force members. C. Gain by entry into the labor force of individuals from the economically inactive population. D. Loss by retirement from the labor force into economically inactive status (including involuntary withdrawal on account of disability or for other reasons, as well as voluntary retirement). Likewise the change in number of workers attached to a given occupation or industry group of the labor force can be factored into the same four components, plus the fifth component: E. Net gain or loss by occupational or industrial mobility, i. e. transfers of labor force members from one occupation or industry to another. It is useful to subdivide components C and D as follows: C1 and D1. Labor force entries and retirements which would correspond to the maintenance of unchanging age-specific rates of entry and retirement (in the labor force as a whole and in given occupation or industry categories). C2 and D2. Entries and retirements due to changes during the period in the age-specific entry and retirement rates. The sum of components A, C1, and D1 can be considered as a measure of "natural increase" in the labor force as a whole or a given occupation or industry. This is the increase which would result from natural increase of the population and associated changes in its age structure without migration and without occupational or industrial mobility. Components B, C2, D2 and E are media through which the natural increase is modified under the influence of supply and demand factors.Publication Creating an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program for the Marion Rivinus Rose Garden at the Morris Arboretum(2015-01-01) Lauer, Jennifer JThis project seeks to catalogue the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approaches practiced in rose gardens throughout the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. and beyond. It will begin with a section explaining the history of IPM at Morris Arboretum and the theory and practices currently surrounding IPM in a public rose garden setting. Then, priority issues in the Morris Arboretum Rose Garden are examined one at a time by synthesizing research garnered from interviews with other rosarians and academic sources. This information will be interpreted, at the end of the paper, to suggest a renewed IPM program for the Morris Arboretum Rose Garden. Suggestions will include templates for establishing thresholds, keeping records, and early identification and treatment of issues. Appendix A contains the survey tool I created to conduct the research for this project, with a list of all of the respondents. This network of gardeners and IPM specialists should be a future resource as we move forward with new approaches to managing pest and disease issues in the Morris rose garden. Appendix B contains a sample monitoring tool for recording rose performance, as well as threshold guidelines for fungal disease.Publication Evaluation of the Crabapple (Malus) Collection and Assessment of the Crabapple Slope(2019-01-01) Christensen, MicahThis project began in response to space on the slope for more crabapple trees and a need to evaluate the current crabapple collection. As such, this project examined the collection as a whole with special attention to the slope. The Morris Arboretum had 48 crabapple trees as of 2018. The vast majority were planted in two locations: the slope by the rose garden and on the farm between the community garden and the executive director’s residence. The initial examination of the collection showed only two native crabapple specimens (Malus coronaria) both with a provenance of Maryland. Propagation of a tree with more local provenance was done to improve and expand the Malus collection. The four parts to this project included development and implementation of evaluation criteria, soil testing of the slope, recommendations of crabapple cultivars to fill empty spaces on the slope, and propagation of a native crabapple (Malus coronaria) with local provenancePublication Al (confocal) deposition rate 1 using Explorer14 magnetron sputterer(2015-04-27) Paliwal, SwapilPublication ZEP520A Contrast Curves(2016-12-16) Lopez, Gerald G.; Azadi, MohsenThis report documents the contrast curves for the ZEP520A electron beam lithography resist from ZEON Chemicals. Dilution by weight of ZEP520A vs spin speed from 1000 to 6000 rpm was generated in previous work. The aim is to provide an approximate clearing and base dose for the ZEP520A standard process at the Singh Center for Nanotechnology.Publication Management Practices for Veteran Trees(2004-04-01) Ibrahim, JosephPublication Paper Mill Run Riparian Zone Management Plan and Partial Restoration(2017-01-01) Brown, KevinThe natural area at the Morris Arboretum is a quickly developing section of the garden. However, it has many unappreciated views and rarely visited areas that deserve more recognition. Unfortunately, it also has some neglected and under-developed areas that need revitalization. One such area is the riparian zone along the east bank of Paper Mill Run, beginning just after the Betula nigra HERITAGE grove planted between the wetland and Paper Mill Run, and continuing to where Paper Mill Run meets the Wissahickon Creek. This area was assessed, and the existing trees were documented considering tree health, size, importance, and work recommendations. This information was used to create a management plan designed to gradually improve the area over the coming years in terms of riparian buffer functionality as well as public appeal. The goal of this project was to define what a riparian buffer is and what it does; assess the riparian zone along Paper Mill Run on the property of the Morris Arboretum; design a long term management plan for the existing plants and for future plantings; and begin to restore one pre-determined section of the zone. A literature review of peer-reviewed journals was referenced to gain informed knowledge on what a healthy riparian zone is, and what it should do for the stream; direct evaluation of the zone along Paper Mill Run was carried out; management plan recommendations were developed to maintain and improve the area over time; and appropriate action to begin to restore part of the zone was accomplished.Publication Building a Rain Garden to Address Stormwater Management in the English Park Section of the Morris Arboretum(2012-01-01) Fine, LaurenThe area surrounding the Hillcrest building suffers from an ongoing problem of flooding and erosion during moderate to heavy rain events. Not only does the building itself succumb to flooding, but the gardens around it are constantly washed out. The stormwater runoff causes surface erosion and limits plant survival opportunities. The first objective of this project is to provide infiltration of stormwater runoff near the Hillcrest building by installing a rain garden. The rain garden will reduce erosion, flooding, and revitalize the aesthetic value of the area while providing an education component to incorporate learning opportunities. Currently, stormwater enters the garden along Hillcrest Avenue near the Hillcrest building and moves over the pavilion driveway and down the hill washing out the garden beds along the way. Erosion and flood control are the main objectives that will be met by this project. Cleanup from floods calls for many hours of work by maintenance and horticulture staff in addition to outside contractors. Diverting some of this stormwater runoff to a rain garden would reduce impact and damage, thereby decreasing the amount of time spent cleaning up after large rain events. The second aspect of this project is improving the aesthetic value of the area near the Hillcrest building. Revitalizing the garden beds and installing a rain garden will bring new interest to this vicinity. I plan to use low maintenance native plants appropriate for the ephemeral waves of flooding. Furthermore, I will repeat the plantings in the surrounding beds to create a node of unified plants. Finally, I would like to tie in an educational component highlighting the rain garden’s capacity to reduce runoff and demonstrate a passive technique for addressing stormwater runoff. This will include interpretive signage and an educational lesson to be used by the volunteer guides.Publication PMMA A2 Contrast Curves(2016-12-16) Lopez, Gerald G.; Azadi, MohsenThis report documents the contrast curves for the PMMA A2 electron beam lithography resist from MicroChem. Spin curves for PMMA A2 can be found in previous work. The aim is to provide an approximate clearing and base dose for the PMMA A2 standard process at the Singh Center for Nanotechnology.