Stability Analysis of Legged Locomotion Models by Symmetry-Factored Return Maps

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General Robotics, Automation, Sensing and Perception Laboratory
Kod*lab
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GRASP
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legged locomotion
hybrid system
return map
spring loaded inverted pendulum
stability
time-reversal
symmetry
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Altendorfer, Richard
Holmes, Philip
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We present a new stability analysis for hybrid legged locomotion systems based on the “symmetric” factorization of return maps.We apply this analysis to two-degrees-of-freedom (2DoF) and threedegrees- of-freedom (3DoF) models of the spring loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) with different leg recirculation strategies. Despite the non-integrability of the SLIP dynamics, we obtain a necessary condition for asymptotic stability (and a sufficient condition for instability) at a fixed point, formulated as an exact algebraic expression in the physical parameters. We use this expression to characterize analytically the sensory cost and stabilizing benefit of various feedback schemes previously proposed for the 2DoF SLIP model, posited as a low-dimensional representation of running.We apply the result as well to a 3DoF SLIP model that will be treated at greater length in a companion paper as a descriptive model for the robot RHex.

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2004-10-01
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Reprinted from The International Journal of Robotics Research, Volume 23, Issue 10-11, October-November 2004, pages 979-999. DOI: 10.1177/0278364904047389
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