Departmental Papers (Dental)

Document Type

Journal Article

Date of this Version

3-1-2017

Publication Source

Journal of Dental Research

Volume

96

Issue

3

Start Page

347

Last Page

354

DOI

10.1177/0022034516680349

Abstract

Mandibular torus (MT) is a common intraoral osseous outgrowth located on the lingual surface of the mandible. Histologic features include hyperplastic bone consisting of mature cortical and trabecular bone. Some theories on the etiology of MT have been postulated, such as genetic factors, masticatory hyperfunction, trauma, and continued growth, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human MT in the pathogenesis of bone outgrowth. We demonstrated that MT harbored a distinct subpopulation of MSCs, with enhanced osteogenic and decreased adipogenic differentiation capacities, as compared with their counterparts from normal jaw bone. The increased osteogenic differentiation of mandibular torus MSCs was associated with the suppression of Notch3 signaling and its downstream target genes, Jag1 and Hey1, and a reciprocal increase in the transcriptional activation of ATF4 and NFATc1 genes. Targeted knockdown of Notch3 expression by transient siRNA transfection promoted the expression of osteogenic transcription factors in normal jaw bone MSCs. Our data suggest that the loss of Notch3 signaling may contribute partly to bone outgrowth in MT, as mediated by enhanced MSC-driven osteogenic differentiation in the jaw bone. © International & American Associations for Dental Research 2016.

Keywords

adult stem cell(s), bone formation, cell signaling, gene expression, jaw bone anomalies, oral and maxillofacial surgery, Aged, Blotting, Western, Cell Differentiation, Exostoses, Female, Humans, Male, Mandible, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Middle Aged, Osteogenesis, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Receptor, Notch3, RNA, Small Interfering, Signal Transduction, Transfection, NOTCH3 protein, human, Notch3 receptor, small interfering RNA, abnormalities, aged, bone development, cell differentiation, exostosis, female, genetic transfection, human, male, mandible, mesenchymal stroma cell, metabolism, middle aged, pathology, physiology, real time polymerase chain reaction, signal transduction, Western blotting

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Date Posted: 10 February 2023

This document has been peer reviewed.