Human Oral Mucosa and Gingiva: A Unique Reservoir for Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Departmental Papers (Dental)
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Author keywords: gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells
immunomodulation
inflammatory disease
multipotency
oral mucosa
regeneration MeSH: Animals
Dendritic Cells
Fibroblasts
Gingiva
Humans
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Mast Cells
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Mouth Mucosa
Receptor Cross-Talk
Regeneration EMTREE medical terms: animal
article
cytology
dendritic cell
fibroblast
gingiva
human
immunomodulation
inflammation
lymphocyte
macrophage
mast cell
mesenchymal stroma cell
mouth mucosa
physiology
regeneration
signal transduction
Dentistry
Oral Biology and Oral Pathology
Periodontics and Periodontology
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Zhang, Q Z
Nguyen, A L
Yu, W H
Le, A D
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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of progenitor cells with self-renewal and multipotent differentiation potential. Aside from their regenerative role, extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that MSCs are capable of potent immunomodulatory effects on a variety of innate and adaptive immune cells. In this article, we will review recent experimental studies on the characterization of a unique population of MSCs derived from human oral mucosa and gingiva, especially their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions and their application in the treatment of several in vivo models of inflammatory diseases. The ease of isolation, accessible tissue source, and rapid ex vivo expansion, with maintenance of stable stem-cell-like phenotypes, render oral mucosa- and gingiva-derived MSCs a promising alternative cell source for MSC-based therapies. © 2012 International & American Associations for Dental Research.

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2012-11-01
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Journal of Dental Research
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