Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
10-2016
Publication Source
Biomaterials
Volume
105
Start Page
156
Last Page
166
DOI
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.042
Abstract
Protein drugs (PD) are minimally utilized in dental medicine due to high cost and invasive surgical delivery. There is limited clinical advancement in disrupting virulent oral biofilms, despite their high prevalence in causing dental caries. Poor efficacy of antimicrobials following topical treatments or to penetrate and disrupt formed biofilms is a major challenge. We report an exciting low-cost approach using plant-made antimicrobial peptides (PMAMPs) retrocyclin or protegrin with complex secondary structures (cyclic/hairpin) for topical use to control biofilms. The PMAMPs rapidly killed the pathogen Streptococcus mutans and impaired biofilm formation following a single topical application of tooth-mimetic surface. Furthermore, we developed a synergistic approach using PMAMPs combined with matrix-degrading enzymes to facilitate their access into biofilms and kill the embedded bacteria. In addition, we identified a novel role for PMAMPs in delivering drugs to periodontal and gingival cells, 13–48 folds more efficiently than any other tested cell penetrating peptides. Therefore, PDs fused with protegrin expressed in plant cells could potentially play a dual role in delivering therapeutic proteins to gum tissues while killing pathogenic bacteria when delivered as topical oral formulations or in chewing gums. Recent FDA approval of plant-produced PDs augurs well for clinical advancement of this novel concept.
Copyright/Permission Statement
© <2016>. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Keywords
Antimicrobial peptide, drug delivery, plant biopharmaceuticals, dental caries, therapeutic enzymes
Recommended Citation
Liu, Y., Kamesh, A. C., Xiao, Y., Sun, V., & Hayes, M. (2016). Topical Delivery of Low-Cost Protein Drug Candidates Made in Chloroplasts for Biofilm Disruption and Uptake by Oral Epithelial Cells. Biomaterials, 105 156-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.042
Date Posted: 01 March 2022
This document has been peer reviewed.