Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
11-7-2016
Publication Source
Molecular Therapy
Volume
9
Issue
11
Start Page
1464
Last Page
1477
DOI
10.1016/j.molp.2016.09.013
Abstract
Artemisinin is highly effective against drug-resistant malarial parasites, which affects nearly half of the global population and kills >500 000 people each year. The primary cost of artemisinin is the very expensive process used to extract and purify the drug from Artemisia annua. Elimination of this apparently unnecessary step will make this potent antimalarial drug affordable to the global population living in endemic regions. Here we reported the oral delivery of a non-protein drug artemisinin biosynthesized (~0.8 mg/g dry weight) at clinically meaningful levels in tobacco by engineering two metabolic pathways targeted to three different cellular compartments (chloroplast, nucleus, and mitochondria). The doubly transgenic lines showed a three-fold enhancement of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and targeting AACPR, DBR2, and CYP71AV1 to chloroplasts resulted in higher expression and an efficient photo-oxidation of dihydroartemisinic acid to artemisinin. Partially purified extracts from the leaves of transgenic tobacco plants inhibited in vitro growth progression of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells. Oral feeding of whole intact plant cells bioencapsulating the artemisinin reduced the parasitemia levels in challenged mice in comparison with commercial drug. Such novel synergistic approaches should facilitate low-cost production and delivery of artemisinin and other drugs through metabolic engineering of edible plants.
Copyright/Permission Statement
© . This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Keywords
bioencapsulation, oral delivery of plant material, dihydroartemisinic acid, isopentenyl pyrophosphate, plant transformation, drug biosynthesis
Recommended Citation
Malhotra, K., Subramaniyan, M., Rawat, K., Kalamuddin, M., Qureshi, M. I., Malhotra, P., Mohmmed, A., Cornish, K., Daniell, H., & Kumar, S. (2016). Compartmentalized Metabolic Engineering for Artemisinin Biosynthesis and Effective Malaria Treatment by Oral Delivery of Plant Cells. Molecular Therapy, 9 (11), 1464-1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2016.09.013
Date Posted: 01 March 2022
This document has been peer reviewed.