Departmental Papers (Dental)

Document Type

Journal Article

Date of this Version

1-2006

Publication Source

Journal of Lipid Research

Volume

47

Issue

1

Start Page

134

Last Page

143

DOI

10.1194/jlr.M500306-JLR200

Abstract

The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an often lethal birth defect resulting from mutations in the gene responsible for the synthesis of the enzyme 3beta-hydroxy-steroid-Delta7-reductase, which catalyzes the reduction of the double bond at carbon 7 on 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) to form unesterified cholesterol. We hypothesize that the deficiency in cholesterol biosynthesis and subsequent accumulation of 7-DHC in the cell membrane leads to defective composition, organization, dynamics, and function of the cell membrane. Using skin fibroblasts obtained from SLOS patients, we demonstrate that the SLOS membrane has increased 7-DHC and reduced cholesterol content and abnormal membrane fluidity. X-ray diffraction analyses of synthetic membranes prepared to mimic SLOS membranes revealed atypical membrane organization. In addition, calcium permeability is markedly augmented, whereas membrane-bound Na+/K+ATPase activity, folate uptake, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate signaling, and cell proliferation rates are markedly suppressed. These data indicate that the disturbance in membrane sterol content in SLOS, likely at the level of membrane caveolae, directly contributes to the widespread tissue abnormalities in this disease.

Copyright/Permission Statement

This research was originally published in Brown, A. C., Balashova, N. V., Epand, R. M., Epand, R. F., Bragin, A., Kachlany, S. C., . . . Lally, E. T. (2013). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansLeukotoxin Utilizes a Cholesterol Recognition/Amino Acid Consensus Site for Membrane Association. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 288(32), 23607-23621. doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.486654 © the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Date Posted: 01 March 2022

This document has been peer reviewed.