Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
11-2006
Publication Source
Cell Microbiology
Volume
8
Issue
11
Start Page
1753
Last Page
1767
DOI
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00746.x
Abstract
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans produces a leukotoxin (Ltx) that kills leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)-bearing cells from man, the Great Apes and Old World monkeys. The unique specificity of Ltx for the β2 integrin, LFA-1, suggests it is capable of providing insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of Ltx and other RTX toxins. Using the Jurkat T cell line and an LFA-1-deficient Jurkat mutant (Jβ2.7) as models, we found the initial effect of Ltx is to elevate cytosolic Ca2+ [Ca2+]c, an event that is independent of the Ltx/LFA-1 interaction. [Ca2+]c increases initiate a series of events that involve the activation of calpain, talin cleavage, mobilization to, and subsequent clustering of, LFA-1 in cholesterol and sphingolipid-rich regions of the plasma membrane known as lipid rafts. The association of Ltx and LFA-1 within lipid rafts is essential for cell lysis. Jβ2.7 cells fail to accumulate Ltx in their raft fractions and are not killed, while cholesterol depletion experiments demonstrate the necessity of raft integrity for Ltx function. We propose that toxin-induced Ca2+ fluxes mobilize LFA-1 to lipid rafts where it associates with Ltx. These findings suggest that Ltx utilizes the raft to stimulate an integrin signalling pathway that leads to apoptosis of target cells.
Copyright/Permission Statement
This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: [Fong, K. P., Pacheco, C. M. F., Otis, L. L., Baranwal, S., Kieba, I. R., Harrison, G., … Lally, E. T. (2006). Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin requires lipid microdomains for target cell cytotoxicity. Cellular Microbiology, 8(11), 1753–1767. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00746.x], which has been published in final form at [http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00746.x]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
Recommended Citation
Fong, K. P., Pacheco, C. M., Otis, L. T., Baranwal, S., Keiba, I. R., Harrison, G., Hersh, E. V., Boesze-Battaglia, K., & Lally, E. T. (2006). Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans Leukotoxin Requires Lipid Microdomains for Target Cell Cytotoxicity. Cell Microbiology, 8 (11), 1753-1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00746.x
Date Posted: 01 March 2022
This document has been peer reviewed.