Departmental Papers (Dental)

Document Type

Journal Article

Date of this Version

9-2008

Publication Source

Journal of Surgical Research

Volume

149

Issue

1

Start Page

47

Last Page

56

DOI

10.1016/j.jss.2007.12.788

Abstract

Background

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based tissue engineering is a promising future alternative to autologous cartilage grafting. This study evaluates the potential of using MSCs, seeded into electrospun, biodegradable polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds, to engineer cartilage with defined dimensions and shape, similar to grafts used for subcutaneous implantation in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Materials and methods

Human bone marrow derived MSCs seeded onto nanofibrous scaffolds and placed in custom-designed molds were cultured for up to 42 days in bioreactors. Chondrogenesis was induced with either transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) alone or in combination with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I).

Results

Constructs exhibited hyaline cartilage histology with desired thickness and shape as well as favorable tissue integrity and shape retention, suggesting the presence of elastic tissue. Time-dependent increase in cartilage matrix gene expression was seen in both types of culture; at Day 42, TGF-β1/IGF-I treated cultures showed higher collagen type II and aggrecan expression. Both culture conditions showed significant time-dependent increase in sulfated glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline contents. TGF-β1/IGF-I treated samples were significantly stiffer; with equilibrium compressive Young’s modulus values reaching 17 kPa by Day 42.

Conclusions

The successful ex vivo development of geometrically defined cartilaginous construct using customized molding suggests the potential of cell-based cartilage tissue for reconstructive surgery.

Copyright/Permission Statement

© <2008>. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Comments

At the time of publication, author Rabie Shanti was affiliated with the Department of Health and Human Services. Currently, he is a faculty member at the School of Dental Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Keywords

mesenchymal stem cells, tissue engineering, cartilage, nanofibers, nanofibrous scaffolds, mold, bioreactor, plastic and reconstructive surgery

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Date Posted: 01 March 2022

This document has been peer reviewed.