Departmental Papers (Dental)
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
1-17-2011
Publication Source
Journal of Oral Microbiology
Volume
3
Start Page
5304
DOI
10.3402/jom.v3i0.5304
Abstract
Both lesions of endodontic origin and periodontal diseases involve the host response to bacteria and the formation of osteolytic lesions. Important for both is the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines that initiate and sustain the inflammatory response. Also important are chemokines that induce recruitment of leukocyte subsets and bone-resorptive factors that are largely produced by recruited inflammatory cells. However, there are differences also. Lesions of endodontic origin pose a particular challenge since that bacteria persist in a protected reservoir that is not readily accessible to the immune defenses. Thus, experiments in which the host response is inhibited in endodontic lesions tend to aggravate the formation of osteolytic lesions. In contrast, bacteria that invade the periodontium appear to be less problematic so that blocking arms of the host response tend to reduce the disease process. Interestingly, both lesions of endodontic origin and periodontitis exhibit inflammation that appears to inhibit bone formation. In periodontitis, the spatial location of the inflammation is likely to be important so that a host response that is restricted to a subepithelial space is associated with gingivitis, while a host response closer to bone is linked to bone resorption and periodontitis. However, the persistence of inflammation is also thought to be important in periodontitis since inflammation present during coupled bone formation may limit the capacity to repair the resorbed bone.
Copyright/Permission Statement
Journal of Oral Microbiology 2011. © 2011 Dana T. Graves et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords
bacteria, bone, chemokine, cytokine, endodontic lesion, gingivitis, inflammation, periodontitis
Recommended Citation
Graves, D. T., Oates, T., & Garlet, G. P. (2011). Review of Osteoimmunology and the Host Response in Endodontic and Periodontal Lesions. Journal of Oral Microbiology, 3 5304-. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/jom.v3i0.5304
Included in
Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Bacteriology Commons, Endodontics and Endodontology Commons, Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons, Periodontics and Periodontology Commons
Date Posted: 31 March 2015
This document has been peer reviewed.