Progesterone Attenuates Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation Through Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway in Ovariectomized Rats
Penn collection
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Cytokines
Female
Humans
Mifepristone
NF-kappa B
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
Progesterone
Rats
Rats
Sprague-Dawley
Signal Transduction
Synovial Membrane
Temporomandibular Joint
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
cytokine
immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein
mifepristone
progesterone
animal
antagonists and inhibitors
drug effect
female
human
metabolism
pathology
pregnancy
pregnancy complication
rat
signal transduction
Sprague Dawley rat
synovium
temporomandibular joint
temporomandibular joint disorder
Dental Materials
Dentistry
Orthodontics and Orthodontology
Other Dentistry
Periodontics and Periodontology
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Abstract
Sex hormones may contribute to the symptomatology of female-predominant temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) inflammatory pain. Pregnant women show less symptoms of TMDs than that of non-pregnant women. Whether progesterone (P4), one of the dominant sex hormones that regulates multiple biological functions, is involved in symptoms of TMDs remains to be explored. Freund's complete adjuvant were used to induce joint inflammation. We evaluated the behavior-related and histologic effects of P4 and the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the synovial membrane. Primary TMJ synoviocytes were treated with TNF-α or IL-1β with the combination of P4. Progesterone receptor antagonist RU-486 were further applied. We found that P4 replacement attenuated TMJ inflammation and the nociceptive responses in a dose-dependent manner in the ovariectomized rats. Correspondingly, P4 diminished the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB and the transcription of its target genes in a dose-dependent manner in the synovial membrane of TMJ. Furthermore, P4 treatment showed decreased mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and partially reversed TNF-α and IL-1β induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines in the primary synoviocytes. Moreover, progesterone receptor antagonist RU-486 partially reversed the effects of P4 on NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, progesterone ameliorated TMJ inflammation through inhibition of NF-κB pathway. © 2017 The Author(s).