The Return of the Nativist? Why did anti-migrant parties emerge and succeed in Mumbai, fail in Bangalore, and not even emerge in Delhi?
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nativist
nativism
sons of the soil
anti-migrant
migration
shiv sena
mumbai
delhi
bangalore
bombay
bengaluru
ethnic conflict
Social Sciences
Political Science
Devesh Kapur
Kapur
Devesh
Asian Studies
Comparative Politics
Other Political Science
Peace and Conflict Studies
Public Policy
Urban Studies
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Abstract
Migration as well as group conflict has occurred throughout history. This thesis examined why in response to internal migration to Mumbai, Bangalore, and Delhi there are varying levels of nativism. The level of nativism was found to be high in Mumbai, medium in Delhi, and low in Bangalore. Anti-migrant sentiment was explained by political competition in Mumbai, class prejudice in Delhi, and an overlaying of class and ethnic conflict in Bangalore. I conclude that mobilization against migrants is easiest when they are largely of a specific regional or ethnic background, that there is a tipping point beyond which opposing migrants is electoral suicide, and that taken together these suggest a window of opportunity for nativist mobilization. Thirdly, the success of nativist parties is a function of the strength of national parties at the state and local level.